{"id":44,"date":"2018-08-02T14:22:03","date_gmt":"2018-08-02T12:22:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/?page_id=44"},"modified":"2019-02-28T16:41:31","modified_gmt":"2019-02-28T15:41:31","slug":"references","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/references\/","title":{"rendered":"References"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-59152-f200e80144b12dc000366f4114b58504\">\n.avia-section.av-59152-f200e80144b12dc000366f4114b58504{\nbackground-color:#f5f6fa;\nbackground-image:unset;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='slider_top'  class='avia-section av-59152-f200e80144b12dc000366f4114b58504 main_color avia-section-no-padding avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-first  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><main  role=\"main\" itemprop=\"mainContentOfPage\"  class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-44'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div  class='avia-slideshow av-581t4-784bf7696a25b3464c089325a7730524 avia-slideshow-no scaling av_slideshow avia-slide-slider  avia-builder-el-1  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  av-slideshow-ui av-control-hidden av-no-slider-navigation av-hide-nav-arrows av-slideshow-manual av-loop-once av-loop-manual-endless av-default-height-applied avia-slideshow-1' data-slideshow-options=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:false,&quot;loop_autoplay&quot;:&quot;once&quot;,&quot;interval&quot;:5,&quot;loop_manual&quot;:&quot;manual-endless&quot;,&quot;autoplay_stopper&quot;:false,&quot;noNavigation&quot;:true,&quot;bg_slider&quot;:false,&quot;keep_padding&quot;:false,&quot;hoverpause&quot;:false,&quot;show_slide_delay&quot;:0}\"  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><ul class='avia-slideshow-inner ' style='padding-bottom: 35.897435897436%;'><li  class='avia-slideshow-slide av-581t4-784bf7696a25b3464c089325a7730524__0  av-single-slide slide-1 slide-odd'><div data-rel='slideshow-1' class='avia-slide-wrap '   ><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-330 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-330\"  src=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/11\/6-references.jpg\" width=\"1170\" height=\"420\" title='6-references' alt=''  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/11\/6-references.jpg 1170w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/11\/6-references-300x108.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/11\/6-references-768x276.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/11\/6-references-1030x370.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/11\/6-references-705x253.jpg 705w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/11\/6-references-450x162.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1170px) 100vw, 1170px\" \/><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/main><!-- close content main element --><\/div><\/div><div id='start_headline'  class='avia-section av-541ha-0cea9168a6d3f4d99accb26582d1e9bf main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-44'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-51nik-ea09e8268b61cf72148555a7f8d223e0\">\n.flex_column.av-51nik-ea09e8268b61cf72148555a7f8d223e0{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-51nik-ea09e8268b61cf72148555a7f8d223e0 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-3  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jl3pehbi-50c1140e9f765effb47e95982b198083\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-jl3pehbi-50c1140e9f765effb47e95982b198083{\npadding-bottom:0;\ncolor:#000000;\nfont-size:40px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-jl3pehbi-50c1140e9f765effb47e95982b198083 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-jl3pehbi-50c1140e9f765effb47e95982b198083 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:40px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-jl3pehbi-50c1140e9f765effb47e95982b198083 .special-heading-inner-border{\nborder-color:#000000;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-jl3pehbi-50c1140e9f765effb47e95982b198083 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:17px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-jl3pehbi-50c1140e9f765effb47e95982b198083 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-jl3pehbi-50c1140e9f765effb47e95982b198083 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-jl3pehbi-50c1140e9f765effb47e95982b198083 av-special-heading-h1 custom-color-heading blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-4  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >References and measurement standards<\/h1><div class='av_custom_color av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>Calibration usually takes place with the help of a &#8220;more accurate&#8221; measuring device. This device is referred to as the reference, the measurement standard or superior measurement standard. It is crucial here that the influence of the Reference on the result of the calibration of the meter under test is negligibly small. To guarantee this, there is something called the 1\/5 rule. This rule states that the uncertainty of the reference may be a maximum of 1\/5 of the targeted calibration uncertainty. In individual cases, the factor between the meter under test and the reference may be 1\/3 but in general it can be said that higher values (1\/10) are the goal.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4v8fe-9330859866d7924c39771eb9990f0e8a\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-4v8fe-9330859866d7924c39771eb9990f0e8a{\nheight:30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-4v8fe-9330859866d7924c39771eb9990f0e8a hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-5  el_after_av_heading  avia-builder-el-last '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_3'  class='avia-section av-4rwig-e2c35ecdfa950e9e4e68c1afb78ce331 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-44'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4qjwg-a55ddf3c5301e5aeb4c335874d9662ff\">\n.flex_column.av-4qjwg-a55ddf3c5301e5aeb4c335874d9662ff{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0 0 0 38px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4qjwg-a55ddf3c5301e5aeb4c335874d9662ff av_one_half  avia-builder-el-7  el_before_av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1615g-c5b25c18f1783701c995377e351f2f32\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-1615g-c5b25c18f1783701c995377e351f2f32{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-1615g-c5b25c18f1783701c995377e351f2f32 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-1615g-c5b25c18f1783701c995377e351f2f32 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-1615g-c5b25c18f1783701c995377e351f2f32 av-special-heading-h2 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-8  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >The superior measurement standard <\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-4my20-652256a62071118ce7e55a7e57850585 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>So who has the &#8220;right&#8221; measuring device? To tackle this problem, 17 European states came together in 1875 with the goal of presenting and using specific units consistently.<\/p>\n<p>The meter and kilogram were adopted as the superior measurement standard and the production of prototypes, which should then be used as the material measure, was set. Today, the so-called SI system\u00ae comprises 7 base units: kilogram, meter, second, kelvin, ampere, mole and candela. The number of states has now grown to 51. How these units are represented lies within the jurisdiction of each country. In Germany, for example, they are administered by the Physikalisch-Technischen Bundesanstalt (PTB), in the Netherlands by the Netherlands Metrology Institute (NMI) and in Austria by the Bundesamt f\u00fcr Eich- und Vermessungswesen [Federal Office of Metrology and Surveying]. The current definition of the 7 base units can be found at <strong>www.ptb.de<\/strong>. The material measures or technical apparatuses that depict these units are called national measurement standards, superior measurement standards or primary measurement standards. Nowadays we try to make it possible to depict the base units with the help of natural constants such as Avogadro&#8217;s number or the speed of light. Unlike the material measures (kilogram and meter), this has the advantage of displaying with less measurement uncertainty. Not until 1960 was the platinum-iridium rod replaced by a new definition. The last remaining material measure that is currently valid is thus the international kilogram prototype.<\/p>\n<p>If a measuring device is calibrated against a reference that was calibrated at a national institute, the calibration is said to be &#8220;traceable to a national measurement standard&#8221;. This traceability makes it possible to compare the calibration results of all measuring devices traced back to this measurement standard. The example of the international kilogram prototype demonstrates how the tracing of a measurement is structured. At the peak of achievable accuracy is the international kilogram prototype, see Figure 9.2, a platinum-iridium cylinder which by definition embodies a mass of 1 kg (material measure). Directly affiliated with this are the national kilogram prototypes of the individual member states.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4jk9a-d47f52c9c863e392f53ca2cdd02de9e7\">\n.flex_column.av-4jk9a-d47f52c9c863e392f53ca2cdd02de9e7{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4jk9a-d47f52c9c863e392f53ca2cdd02de9e7 av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_fourth  flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jl3lm9qy-1a237a09d9b7f08e2b786657302c3d2e\">\n.avia-image-container.av-jl3lm9qy-1a237a09d9b7f08e2b786657302c3d2e img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-jl3lm9qy-1a237a09d9b7f08e2b786657302c3d2e .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-jl3lm9qy-1a237a09d9b7f08e2b786657302c3d2e av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-11  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/SI-base-units.png\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/SI-base-units.png 653w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/SI-base-units-300x255.png 300w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/SI-base-units-450x382.png 450w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 653px) 100vw, 653px\" class='avia_image'  aria-label='SI base units'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-161 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-161 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/SI-base-units.png\" alt='SI base units' title='SI base units'  height=\"554\" width=\"653\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/SI-base-units.png 653w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/SI-base-units-300x255.png 300w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/SI-base-units-450x382.png 450w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 653px) 100vw, 653px\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:12px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Figure 10.1: SI base units<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4jk9a-52d83173d89cd0ec1ba5fa8a253e4983\">\n.flex_column.av-4jk9a-52d83173d89cd0ec1ba5fa8a253e4983{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4jk9a-52d83173d89cd0ec1ba5fa8a253e4983 av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-13  el_after_av_one_fourth  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jl3lm9qy-70430a635bb170c7f55024f465cfd97f\">\n.avia-image-container.av-jl3lm9qy-70430a635bb170c7f55024f465cfd97f img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-jl3lm9qy-70430a635bb170c7f55024f465cfd97f .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-jl3lm9qy-70430a635bb170c7f55024f465cfd97f av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-14  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/International-kilogram-prototype.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/International-kilogram-prototype.jpg 651w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/International-kilogram-prototype-254x300.jpg 254w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/International-kilogram-prototype-597x705.jpg 597w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/International-kilogram-prototype-450x532.jpg 450w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 651px) 100vw, 651px\" class='avia_image'  aria-label='International-kilogram-prototype'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-160 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-160 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/International-kilogram-prototype.jpg\" alt='International-kilogram-prototype' title='International-kilogram-prototype'  height=\"769\" width=\"651\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/International-kilogram-prototype.jpg 651w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/International-kilogram-prototype-254x300.jpg 254w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/International-kilogram-prototype-597x705.jpg 597w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/International-kilogram-prototype-450x532.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 651px) 100vw, 651px\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:12px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Figure 10.2: International kilogram prototype<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_4'  class='avia-section av-4rwig-109c741a41c85490012544e753bfbf7c main_color avia-section-default avia-no-shadow  avia-builder-el-16  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-44'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4jk9a-e37bb8fd2d2736369042970ac8799ff7\">\n.flex_column.av-4jk9a-e37bb8fd2d2736369042970ac8799ff7{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 38px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4jk9a-e37bb8fd2d2736369042970ac8799ff7 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-17  el_before_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-4my20-652256a62071118ce7e55a7e57850585 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>As a rule, each member state has just one of these, to which main measurement standards made of stainless steel are in turn associated and which are recalibrated on an annual basis. Germany, in addition to the original kilogram which was damaged in the second world war, has a valid duplicate from the former DDR.<\/p>\n<p>With the help of the transfer of measurements structured in this way through their traceability to a superior measurement standard, the associated measurement standards guarantee on the one hand the comparability of the measurements and on the other hand they guarantee that the consumer is getting a product whose volume lies within statutory error limits.<\/p>\n<p>To make a comparable statement about the accuracy of the measurement, the measurement result is assigned the so-called measurement uncertainty. Without this information, the measurement result is incomplete. Measurement uncertainty refers to the quality or accuracy of the measurement and is usually expressed using the same unit with a &#8220;\u00b1&#8221; after the measurement result. For example, for a measured length, the information 21.0 mm \u00b1 0.5 mm means that there is a 95% chance that the actual value of the measurement result (this can also be called the &#8220;agreed value&#8221;) lies in the range of 20.5 mm to 21.5 mm. The specification of measurement uncertainty for a flowmeter generally refers to the measuring range outlined in the specifications and is usually stated as a percentage of the measured value or of the measurement range end value. Even the measured volume of flowing liquids is assigned a measurement uncertainty which depends among other things on the reference used. When it comes to precision calibrations, the flowing volume is measured using gravimetric or volumetric calibration rigs. The designation of the measurement uncertainty in this case occurs by way of an observation and evaluation of all of the input variables affecting the measurement in a so-called measurement uncertainty analysis.<\/p>\n<p>As a general rule, the calibration of a measuring device does not have unlimited validity in terms of time. To counteract systematic measurement errors caused by ageing, drift, environmental influences or similar, it is necessary to calibrate measuring devices within defined time intervals. This is known as recalibration or a recalibration interval. The shorter the intervals, the sooner any systematic measurement errors can be detected and corrected.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4qjwg-e07396db00fca3c2e2e00b1945226882\">\n.flex_column.av-4qjwg-e07396db00fca3c2e2e00b1945226882{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0 0 0 38px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4qjwg-e07396db00fca3c2e2e00b1945226882 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-19  el_after_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-138os-b45605a6d1960375a387828779039bc9\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-138os-b45605a6d1960375a387828779039bc9{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-138os-b45605a6d1960375a387828779039bc9 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-138os-b45605a6d1960375a387828779039bc9 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-138os-b45605a6d1960375a387828779039bc9 av-special-heading-h2 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-20  el_before_av_toggle_container  avia-builder-el-first '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Definitions<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  class='togglecontainer av-jl3pl5ra-a34eabd39afc1a27cf51be90d5e85c1d  avia-builder-el-21  el_after_av_heading  avia-builder-el-last  toggle_close_all' >\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-58ojs-b7d7535a270159417f87615a44828fa5'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-1' class='toggler  activeTitle '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-1'>Calibration<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-1' class='toggle_wrap  active_tc' style='display:block;' ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>The determination of the relationship between the measured value or expected value of the output variable and the associated true or correct value prevailing as the input variable for observed measuring equipment with specified conditions (DIN 1319).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-gpcg-c6e5c96d2d7b96e5ed3ab82d411f1a1d'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-2' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-2'>Adjusting<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-2' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>An activity that puts a measuring device into a usable state. As a rule, this refers to the determination and correction (by way of permanent intervention into the device) of a systematic measurement error.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-3wi24-0bf86b64b7cba83483e05a6dcf9e80b3'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-3' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-3'>Verification<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-3' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>A state government inspection of a measuring device subject to statutory metrology which is conducted by a calibration authority or a nationally recognised testing body. The verification process includes determining the measurement error, tamper-proof lead sealing and affixing the calibration seal. The measured values must lie within the maximum permissible errors. These limits depend on the measuring device and the accuracy class. The German calibration law and calibration ordinance govern all the particulars.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-39kts-7f483aa15da07b3833a589584b4f1cd9'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-4' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-4'>Conformity assessment<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-4' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>A test to determine whether a measuring device complies with the requirements of the European measuring instrument directive (MID). This directive defines various conformity assessment procedures which may contain metrological tests. The conformity assessment replaces the initial verification and unlike it, the assessment is valid throughout the entire European Economic Area.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-2oivo-f9925ce5e90bc009521b51271cf831c9'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-5' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-5'>Systematic measurement error<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-5' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Mean value resulting from an unlimited number of measurements of the same quantity, conducted under reproducible conditions minus a true value of the quantity being measured. The value of a measurement standard is generally taken as the &#8220;true value&#8221;. However, because the true value is based on an endlessly large number of measurements, it is also known as the &#8220;correct value&#8221; or &#8220;agreed value&#8221;.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-2c2yo-11f2b75c4e02fc8a5df7ea7b91412199'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-6' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-6'>Random measurement error<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-6' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Measuring result minus the mean value that would be arrived at from an unlimited number of measurements performed under reproducible conditions.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-19k5o-fffc266d796ebe8bb41c1a401822daa0'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-7' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-7'>Reference<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-7' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>A standard, measuring device, reference material or measuring system whose purpose it is to determine, represent, conserve or reproduce a unit or one or more values of a quantity. (International Dictionary of Metrology, 2nd Edition 1994)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_toggle_section av-xgtg-1a5b6bf3846fe494101509c2bd256297'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  ><p data-fake-id='#toggle-id-8' class='toggler   '  itemprop=\"headline\"  role='tab' tabindex='0' aria-controls='toggle-id-8'>DKD<span class=\"toggle_icon\"><span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p><div id='toggle-id-8' class='toggle_wrap  '  ><div class='toggle_content invers-color '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Abbreviation for the &#8220;Deutscher Kalibrierdienst&#8221; [German calibration service]. An amalgamation of German calibration laboratories in industrial enterprises, research institutions and technical authorities whose aim it is to formally approve the actions of the German national institute as regards measurement tasks, to privatise parts of the national duties and responsibilities and ultimately to reduce trade barriers.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/p><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4rwig-b72f8a319b9cc9e01807250c2e8c8bce\">\n.avia-section.av-4rwig-b72f8a319b9cc9e01807250c2e8c8bce{\nbackground-color:#f8f8f8;\nbackground-image:unset;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_5'  class='avia-section av-4rwig-b72f8a319b9cc9e01807250c2e8c8bce main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-22  el_after_av_section  avia-builder-el-last  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-44'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4qjwg-622d8aebf768a7777b35522c00da7636\">\n.flex_column.av-4qjwg-622d8aebf768a7777b35522c00da7636{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:28px 0 0 38px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4qjwg-622d8aebf768a7777b35522c00da7636 av_one_third  avia-builder-el-23  el_before_av_one_third  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-2coho-67c5753a5c47e9394ef8eb39ad27b9ab\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-2coho-67c5753a5c47e9394ef8eb39ad27b9ab{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-2coho-67c5753a5c47e9394ef8eb39ad27b9ab .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-2coho-67c5753a5c47e9394ef8eb39ad27b9ab .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-2coho-67c5753a5c47e9394ef8eb39ad27b9ab av-special-heading-h2 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-24  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Influences in practical use<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-4my20-652256a62071118ce7e55a7e57850585 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>When you consider the calibration values of a flowmeter, ideally they should not deviate from the measuring values in the application.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='avia-button-wrap av-jl3l62vm-a81f2e12ae5be5c1f17d227d0d2fb015-wrap avia-button-left  avia-builder-el-26  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '><a href='https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/influences\/'  class='avia-button av-jl3l62vm-a81f2e12ae5be5c1f17d227d0d2fb015 avia-icon_select-no avia-size-medium avia-position-left avia-color-theme-color'  ><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >Learn more<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4qjwg-f0f12ff6653b45a096b1a6a750567541\">\n.flex_column.av-4qjwg-f0f12ff6653b45a096b1a6a750567541{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:28px 0 0 38px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4qjwg-f0f12ff6653b45a096b1a6a750567541 av_one_third  avia-builder-el-27  el_after_av_one_third  el_before_av_one_third  flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-19i2o-81bce668ebabf6b206c29fd08d54cab0\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-19i2o-81bce668ebabf6b206c29fd08d54cab0{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-19i2o-81bce668ebabf6b206c29fd08d54cab0 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-19i2o-81bce668ebabf6b206c29fd08d54cab0 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-19i2o-81bce668ebabf6b206c29fd08d54cab0 av-special-heading-h2 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-28  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >References and measurement standards<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-4my20-652256a62071118ce7e55a7e57850585 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Calibration usually takes place with the help of a &#8220;more accurate&#8221; measuring device. This device is referred to as the reference, the measurement standard or superior measurement standard.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='avia-button-wrap av-jl3l62vm-ffab5a69a44ac5bacbead5de0d2b83b3-wrap avia-button-left  avia-builder-el-30  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '><a href='https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/references\/'  class='avia-button av-jl3l62vm-ffab5a69a44ac5bacbead5de0d2b83b3 avia-icon_select-no avia-size-medium avia-position-left avia-color-theme-color'  ><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >Learn more<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4qjwg-f0f12ff6653b45a096b1a6a750567541\">\n.flex_column.av-4qjwg-f0f12ff6653b45a096b1a6a750567541{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:28px 0 0 38px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4qjwg-f0f12ff6653b45a096b1a6a750567541 av_one_third  avia-builder-el-31  el_after_av_one_third  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-x9kc-cb8c2efdbf25d5bc9d6e71dce67a5ec0\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-x9kc-cb8c2efdbf25d5bc9d6e71dce67a5ec0{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-x9kc-cb8c2efdbf25d5bc9d6e71dce67a5ec0 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-x9kc-cb8c2efdbf25d5bc9d6e71dce67a5ec0 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-x9kc-cb8c2efdbf25d5bc9d6e71dce67a5ec0 av-special-heading-h2 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-32  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Calibrations at KROHNE<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-4my20-652256a62071118ce7e55a7e57850585 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>KROHNE has calibration options for all kind of measuring devices at different locations worldwide.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='avia-button-wrap av-jl3l62vm-f86a6613a3c710ca04f0f198baf40fb9-wrap avia-button-left  avia-builder-el-34  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '><a href='https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/calibrations-at-krohne\/'  class='avia-button av-jl3l62vm-f86a6613a3c710ca04f0f198baf40fb9 avia-icon_select-no avia-size-medium avia-position-left avia-color-theme-color'  ><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >Learn more<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-44","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/44","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/44\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":478,"href":"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/44\/revisions\/478"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}