{"id":41,"date":"2018-08-02T14:21:52","date_gmt":"2018-08-02T12:21:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/?page_id=41"},"modified":"2019-02-28T16:36:43","modified_gmt":"2019-02-28T15:36:43","slug":"influences","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/influences\/","title":{"rendered":"Influences"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-59152-f200e80144b12dc000366f4114b58504\">\n.avia-section.av-59152-f200e80144b12dc000366f4114b58504{\nbackground-color:#f5f6fa;\nbackground-image:unset;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='slider_top'  class='avia-section av-59152-f200e80144b12dc000366f4114b58504 main_color avia-section-no-padding avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-first  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><main  role=\"main\" itemprop=\"mainContentOfPage\"  class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-41'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div  class='avia-slideshow av-581t4-784bf7696a25b3464c089325a7730524 avia-slideshow-no scaling av_slideshow avia-slide-slider  avia-builder-el-1  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  av-slideshow-ui av-control-hidden av-no-slider-navigation av-hide-nav-arrows av-slideshow-manual av-loop-once av-loop-manual-endless av-default-height-applied avia-slideshow-1' data-slideshow-options=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:false,&quot;loop_autoplay&quot;:&quot;once&quot;,&quot;interval&quot;:5,&quot;loop_manual&quot;:&quot;manual-endless&quot;,&quot;autoplay_stopper&quot;:false,&quot;noNavigation&quot;:true,&quot;bg_slider&quot;:false,&quot;keep_padding&quot;:false,&quot;hoverpause&quot;:false,&quot;show_slide_delay&quot;:0}\"  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><ul class='avia-slideshow-inner ' style='padding-bottom: 35.897435897436%;'><li  class='avia-slideshow-slide av-581t4-784bf7696a25b3464c089325a7730524__0  av-single-slide slide-1 slide-odd'><div data-rel='slideshow-1' class='avia-slide-wrap '   ><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-329 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-329\"  src=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/11\/5-Influences-in-practical-use.jpg\" width=\"1170\" height=\"420\" title='5-Influences-in-practical-use' alt=''  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/11\/5-Influences-in-practical-use.jpg 1170w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/11\/5-Influences-in-practical-use-300x108.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/11\/5-Influences-in-practical-use-768x276.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/11\/5-Influences-in-practical-use-1030x370.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/11\/5-Influences-in-practical-use-705x253.jpg 705w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/11\/5-Influences-in-practical-use-450x162.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1170px) 100vw, 1170px\" \/><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/main><!-- close content main element --><\/div><\/div><div id='start_headline'  class='avia-section av-541ha-0cea9168a6d3f4d99accb26582d1e9bf main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-41'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-51nik-ea09e8268b61cf72148555a7f8d223e0\">\n.flex_column.av-51nik-ea09e8268b61cf72148555a7f8d223e0{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-51nik-ea09e8268b61cf72148555a7f8d223e0 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-3  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top av-zero-column-padding  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jl3otvfc-46bd67726002d6b14cd14b537245224e\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-jl3otvfc-46bd67726002d6b14cd14b537245224e{\npadding-bottom:0;\ncolor:#000000;\nfont-size:40px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-jl3otvfc-46bd67726002d6b14cd14b537245224e .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-jl3otvfc-46bd67726002d6b14cd14b537245224e .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:40px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-jl3otvfc-46bd67726002d6b14cd14b537245224e .special-heading-inner-border{\nborder-color:#000000;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-jl3otvfc-46bd67726002d6b14cd14b537245224e .av-subheading{\nfont-size:17px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-jl3otvfc-46bd67726002d6b14cd14b537245224e .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-jl3otvfc-46bd67726002d6b14cd14b537245224e .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-jl3otvfc-46bd67726002d6b14cd14b537245224e av-special-heading-h1 custom-color-heading blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-4  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Influences in practical use<\/h1><div class='av_custom_color av-subheading av-subheading_below'><p>When you consider the calibration values of a flowmeter, ideally they should not deviate from the measuring values in the application. In fact, there are a number of influencing variables which require great care when installing in the application given the wide variety of flowmeters and measuring principles.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4v8fe-9330859866d7924c39771eb9990f0e8a\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-4v8fe-9330859866d7924c39771eb9990f0e8a{\nheight:30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-4v8fe-9330859866d7924c39771eb9990f0e8a hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-5  el_after_av_heading  avia-builder-el-last '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_3'  class='avia-section av-4rwig-e2c35ecdfa950e9e4e68c1afb78ce331 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-41'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4qjwg-a55ddf3c5301e5aeb4c335874d9662ff\">\n.flex_column.av-4qjwg-a55ddf3c5301e5aeb4c335874d9662ff{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0 0 0 38px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4qjwg-a55ddf3c5301e5aeb4c335874d9662ff av_one_half  avia-builder-el-7  el_before_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jl3ou2ku-f4129bf883a29d08188b09b3dbf60039\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-jl3ou2ku-f4129bf883a29d08188b09b3dbf60039{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-jl3ou2ku-f4129bf883a29d08188b09b3dbf60039 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-jl3ou2ku-f4129bf883a29d08188b09b3dbf60039 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-jl3ou2ku-f4129bf883a29d08188b09b3dbf60039 av-special-heading-h2 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-8  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Inlet and outlet sections<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-4my20-652256a62071118ce7e55a7e57850585 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Only by closely analysing the application can undetected systematic measurement errors be reduced from the outset. The inlet conditions of the flowmeter represents one of the main influencing variables on the measurement result.<\/p>\n<p>Inlet and outlet sections refer to the section of a straight tube before and after the measuring device, not including built-ins (interferences) such as elbows, valves, ball valves etc. It can also be referred to as an unimpeded or free inlet section. This is usually expressed in a whole number multiple of the pipe diameter, e.g. a 10D inlet section on a DN 200 pipe corresponds to a length of 2 m. Observing the inlet and outlet sections of different lengths is sometimes necessary to reduce influences on the measuring result that originates in the system itself. These upstream\/downstream influences on the measuring device are mainly reflected in the &#8220;quality&#8221; of the flow profile. Information regarding the minimum lengths of the inlet and outlet sections is generally contained in the technical documentation of the flowmeters.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4jk9a-ea988722a56d5f4a46c98f965a64d410\">\n.flex_column.av-4jk9a-ea988722a56d5f4a46c98f965a64d410{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 38px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4jk9a-ea988722a56d5f4a46c98f965a64d410 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jl3lm9qy-788da3b19c22fc6c0c19f19871be1d64\">\n.avia-image-container.av-jl3lm9qy-788da3b19c22fc6c0c19f19871be1d64 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-jl3lm9qy-788da3b19c22fc6c0c19f19871be1d64 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-jl3lm9qy-788da3b19c22fc6c0c19f19871be1d64 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-11  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Inlet-and-outlet-sections.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Inlet-and-outlet-sections.jpg 786w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Inlet-and-outlet-sections-300x123.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Inlet-and-outlet-sections-768x314.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Inlet-and-outlet-sections-705x288.jpg 705w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Inlet-and-outlet-sections-450x184.jpg 450w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 786px) 100vw, 786px\" class='avia_image'  aria-label='Inlet and outlet sections'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-148 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-148 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Inlet-and-outlet-sections.jpg\" alt='Inlet and outlet sections' title='Inlet and outlet sections'  height=\"321\" width=\"786\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Inlet-and-outlet-sections.jpg 786w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Inlet-and-outlet-sections-300x123.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Inlet-and-outlet-sections-768x314.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Inlet-and-outlet-sections-705x288.jpg 705w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Inlet-and-outlet-sections-450x184.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 786px) 100vw, 786px\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:12px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Figure 9.1: Inlet and outlet sections<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_4'  class='avia-section av-4rwig-109c741a41c85490012544e753bfbf7c main_color avia-section-default avia-no-shadow  avia-builder-el-13  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-41'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4jk9a-e37bb8fd2d2736369042970ac8799ff7\">\n.flex_column.av-4jk9a-e37bb8fd2d2736369042970ac8799ff7{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 38px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4jk9a-e37bb8fd2d2736369042970ac8799ff7 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-14  el_before_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jl3lm9qy-f5be01fd2c5807d16dad6d44bf1f7c2a\">\n.avia-image-container.av-jl3lm9qy-f5be01fd2c5807d16dad6d44bf1f7c2a img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-jl3lm9qy-f5be01fd2c5807d16dad6d44bf1f7c2a .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-jl3lm9qy-f5be01fd2c5807d16dad6d44bf1f7c2a av-styling- avia-align-left  avia-builder-el-15  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/2D-flow-profiles.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/2D-flow-profiles.jpg 265w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/2D-flow-profiles-235x300.jpg 235w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 265px) 100vw, 265px\" class='avia_image'  aria-label='2D-flow-profiles'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-150 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-150 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/2D-flow-profiles.jpg\" alt='' title='2D-flow-profiles'  height=\"339\" width=\"265\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/2D-flow-profiles.jpg 265w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/2D-flow-profiles-235x300.jpg 235w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 265px) 100vw, 265px\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:12px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Figure 9.2: 2D flow profiles<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jl3lm9qy-a81428171d9e74211f888cea5ed98d17\">\n.avia-image-container.av-jl3lm9qy-a81428171d9e74211f888cea5ed98d17 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-jl3lm9qy-a81428171d9e74211f888cea5ed98d17 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-jl3lm9qy-a81428171d9e74211f888cea5ed98d17 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-17  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Three-dimensional-flow-profile-1030x221.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Three-dimensional-flow-profile-1030x221.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Three-dimensional-flow-profile-300x64.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Three-dimensional-flow-profile-768x165.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Three-dimensional-flow-profile-705x151.jpg 705w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Three-dimensional-flow-profile-450x96.jpg 450w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Three-dimensional-flow-profile.jpg 1344w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1030px) 100vw, 1030px\" class='avia_image'  aria-label='Three-dimensional-flow-profile'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-149 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-149 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Three-dimensional-flow-profile.jpg\" alt='Three-dimensional-flow-profile' title='Three-dimensional-flow-profile'  height=\"288\" width=\"1344\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Three-dimensional-flow-profile.jpg 1344w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Three-dimensional-flow-profile-300x64.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Three-dimensional-flow-profile-768x165.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Three-dimensional-flow-profile-1030x221.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Three-dimensional-flow-profile-705x151.jpg 705w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Three-dimensional-flow-profile-450x96.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1344px) 100vw, 1344px\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:12px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Figure 9.3: Three-dimensional flow profile<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4qjwg-e07396db00fca3c2e2e00b1945226882\">\n.flex_column.av-4qjwg-e07396db00fca3c2e2e00b1945226882{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0 0 0 38px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4qjwg-e07396db00fca3c2e2e00b1945226882 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-19  el_after_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-wj3h-0f9e717ded93afd18867b85f455257dd\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-wj3h-0f9e717ded93afd18867b85f455257dd{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-wj3h-0f9e717ded93afd18867b85f455257dd .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-wj3h-0f9e717ded93afd18867b85f455257dd .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-wj3h-0f9e717ded93afd18867b85f455257dd av-special-heading-h2 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-20  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Flow profile<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-4my20-652256a62071118ce7e55a7e57850585 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>The velocity distribution of the flow of liquids in closed pipelines is not constant across the pipe. Under ideal conditions, the closer you get to the &#8220;middle&#8221; of the pipe, the greater the flow velocity. The closer you get to the wall of the pipe, the slower the flow. The velocity distribution can be illustrated two-dimensionally or three-dimensionally across the pipe. This is called a velocity or flow profile. Figure 9.2 shows a two-dimensional, Figure 9.3 a three-dimensional laminar and turbulent flow. If you have an extremely long, straight pipeline, two different flow profiles are formed, depending on the diameter of the pipe, flow velocity and viscosity: either a laminar or a turbulent flow profile. The turbulent flow profile is &#8220;flatter&#8221; than the laminar one. These flow profiles are called swirl-free and rotationally symmetric. To achieve the desired measuring accuracy, the unimpeded inlet run required in front of a flowmeter depends on the measuring principle used (EMF, Vortex, ultrasonic, Coriolis etc.).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_5'  class='avia-section av-4rwig-109c741a41c85490012544e753bfbf7c main_color avia-section-default avia-no-shadow  avia-builder-el-22  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-41'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4qjwg-a55ddf3c5301e5aeb4c335874d9662ff\">\n.flex_column.av-4qjwg-a55ddf3c5301e5aeb4c335874d9662ff{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0 0 0 38px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4qjwg-a55ddf3c5301e5aeb4c335874d9662ff av_one_half  avia-builder-el-23  el_before_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-x93l-32c9cf750a4e8a1744843673ccd5c427\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-x93l-32c9cf750a4e8a1744843673ccd5c427{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-x93l-32c9cf750a4e8a1744843673ccd5c427 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-x93l-32c9cf750a4e8a1744843673ccd5c427 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-x93l-32c9cf750a4e8a1744843673ccd5c427 av-special-heading-h2 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-24  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Installation situation<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-4my20-652256a62071118ce7e55a7e57850585 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>In terms of pipe direction the practical installation of a flowmeter in an application is always bound to onsite possibilities. Often, having system parts that change the flow profile located close to the measuring devices cannot be avoided. This includes built-ins like 90\u00b0elbows, 3D bends, shut-off devices, reducers and expansions, filters etc. Information regarding which combinations or built-ins and measuring devices are to be avoided can be found in the technical documentation of each measuring device.<\/p>\n<p>Figures 9.4 and 9.5 show examples from documentation with recommended flowmeter installation sites and those sites to avoid.<\/p>\n<p>If there are built-ins in the pipeline, changes such as one-sided increases in velocity or swirling components in the local flow can be the consequence. These changes are slow to be diminished in the straight pipeline until finally a rotationally symmetric, distinct laminar or turbulent flow profile is restored. To counteract such interference with the measuring accuracy of the flowmeter, the data sheets for the respective flowmeters indicate minimum inlet sections based on the desired measuring accuracy. In general, it can be said that longer inlet runs diminish the influence of flow interferences.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4jk9a-ea988722a56d5f4a46c98f965a64d410\">\n.flex_column.av-4jk9a-ea988722a56d5f4a46c98f965a64d410{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 38px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4jk9a-ea988722a56d5f4a46c98f965a64d410 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-26  el_after_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jl3lm9qy-6196dde521c9dcc25bce527c985ec645\">\n.avia-image-container.av-jl3lm9qy-6196dde521c9dcc25bce527c985ec645 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-jl3lm9qy-6196dde521c9dcc25bce527c985ec645 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-jl3lm9qy-6196dde521c9dcc25bce527c985ec645 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-27  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-1030x311.png\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-1030x311.png 1030w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-300x91.png 300w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-768x232.png 768w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-705x213.png 705w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-450x136.png 450w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters.png 1344w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1030px) 100vw, 1030px\" class='avia_image'  aria-label='Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-155 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-155 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters.png\" alt='Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters' title='Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters'  height=\"406\" width=\"1344\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters.png 1344w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-300x91.png 300w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-768x232.png 768w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-1030x311.png 1030w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-705x213.png 705w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-450x136.png 450w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1344px) 100vw, 1344px\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:12px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Figure 9.4: Installation notes for electromagnetic flowmeters<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jl3lm9qy-6c90ef49af48fa0d30654118f98f51be\">\n.avia-image-container.av-jl3lm9qy-6c90ef49af48fa0d30654118f98f51be img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-jl3lm9qy-6c90ef49af48fa0d30654118f98f51be .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-jl3lm9qy-6c90ef49af48fa0d30654118f98f51be av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-29  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-2-1030x490.png\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-2-1030x490.png 1030w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-2-300x143.png 300w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-2-768x366.png 768w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-2-705x336.png 705w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-2-450x214.png 450w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-2.png 1315w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1030px) 100vw, 1030px\" class='avia_image'  aria-label='Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-2'><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-154 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-154 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-2.png\" alt='Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-2' title='Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-2'  height=\"626\" width=\"1315\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-2.png 1315w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-2-300x143.png 300w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-2-768x366.png 768w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-2-1030x490.png 1030w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-2-705x336.png 705w, https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2018\/08\/Installation-notes-for-electromagnetic-flowmeters-2-450x214.png 450w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1315px) 100vw, 1315px\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:12px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jl3lns6h-60e36897594062547b0ab5ce472f1631 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Figure 9.5: Installation notes for electromagnetic flowmeters<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_6'  class='avia-section av-4rwig-109c741a41c85490012544e753bfbf7c main_color avia-section-default avia-no-shadow  avia-builder-el-31  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-41'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4qjwg-a55ddf3c5301e5aeb4c335874d9662ff\">\n.flex_column.av-4qjwg-a55ddf3c5301e5aeb4c335874d9662ff{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0 0 0 38px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4qjwg-a55ddf3c5301e5aeb4c335874d9662ff av_one_half  avia-builder-el-32  el_before_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jl3paoo2-250bb28b166f3775dd7c7b369723eab7\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-jl3paoo2-250bb28b166f3775dd7c7b369723eab7{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-jl3paoo2-250bb28b166f3775dd7c7b369723eab7 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-jl3paoo2-250bb28b166f3775dd7c7b369723eab7 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-jl3paoo2-250bb28b166f3775dd7c7b369723eab7 av-special-heading-h2 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-33  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Calibration conditions<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-4my20-652256a62071118ce7e55a7e57850585 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Flowmeter calibration generally occurs at defined pressure, temperature and ambient conditions. Changes in these conditions when using the measuring device in practice can result in more or less serious changes in the measured value. Nowadays, flowmeters such as variable area flowmeters, are sometimes designed for use in a specifically defined parameter range. Here, no corrections need be taken into account on site. If the influence of the parameter is significant, a correction may be made with the appropriate measurement of pressure and temperature (pressure and temperature compensation with vortex flowmeters). Significant meaning is thus attached to the&#8221;Quality&#8221; used for potential conversions of the material parameters used as data with significant measurement uncertainty have a direct impact on the result of the measurement.<\/p>\n<p>As a general rule, flowmeters are calibrated using water or air. Operating points which in terms of density, temperature, viscosity etc. deviate from the calibration conditions, can be taken into account mathematically if necessary. In order to perform measurements with minimal uncertainty, some circumstances may require that calibration be done with the original liquid or original gas (true gas calibration).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4jk9a-ea988722a56d5f4a46c98f965a64d410\">\n.flex_column.av-4jk9a-ea988722a56d5f4a46c98f965a64d410{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 38px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4jk9a-ea988722a56d5f4a46c98f965a64d410 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-35  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_half  flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jl3paoo2-ed0fb5d76bea03baef2c4aad6229281d\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-jl3paoo2-ed0fb5d76bea03baef2c4aad6229281d{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-jl3paoo2-ed0fb5d76bea03baef2c4aad6229281d .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-jl3paoo2-ed0fb5d76bea03baef2c4aad6229281d .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-jl3paoo2-ed0fb5d76bea03baef2c4aad6229281d av-special-heading-h2 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-36  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Repeatability \/ reproducibility<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-4my20-652256a62071118ce7e55a7e57850585 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>To guarantee process conditions with a high degree of stability, flowmeters with high repeatability are required, i.e. the measuring device should also output the same measured values with minimal scattering, regardless of the absolute accuracy of the individual values under the same operating conditions in realtime. Data about the repeatability of a measuring device can only be collected under repeatability condition of measurement. This includes such things as constant temperatures, pressures, humidity, observers, measurements following one another at close intervals and the same reference. Multiple measurements on a test rig can be used as data for repeatability. In the absence of quantitatively useful calculation specifications in the area of liquid measurements, it is often the smallest and largest values that are used but these are not statistically meaningful and do not allow for a comparison of information. A recommendation for the quantitative determination of repeatability can be found in [7]. The terms generally used for this in the literature are &#8220;repeatability&#8221; or &#8220;reproducibility&#8221;. In contrast to that there is advanced reproducibility which takes into account different observers, installation sites and changed process and ambient conditions. As for repeatability there is no known calculation specification for liquids for the specification of a quantitative value.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4jk9a-e37bb8fd2d2736369042970ac8799ff7\">\n.flex_column.av-4jk9a-e37bb8fd2d2736369042970ac8799ff7{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 38px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4jk9a-e37bb8fd2d2736369042970ac8799ff7 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-38  el_after_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-last  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jl3paoo2-69be32c878f0a06c5998e2836b7d2f89\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-jl3paoo2-69be32c878f0a06c5998e2836b7d2f89{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-jl3paoo2-69be32c878f0a06c5998e2836b7d2f89 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-jl3paoo2-69be32c878f0a06c5998e2836b7d2f89 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-jl3paoo2-69be32c878f0a06c5998e2836b7d2f89 av-special-heading-h2 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-39  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Long term stability<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-4my20-652256a62071118ce7e55a7e57850585 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>If a measuring device is observed in use over a longer period of time, the measurement should not drift at all under constant conditions. If the measurement errors caused by any aging, drift or environmental influences is negligible over a longer period of time, the measuring device is said to have high long-term stability.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4rwig-b72f8a319b9cc9e01807250c2e8c8bce\">\n.avia-section.av-4rwig-b72f8a319b9cc9e01807250c2e8c8bce{\nbackground-color:#f8f8f8;\nbackground-image:unset;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_7'  class='avia-section av-4rwig-b72f8a319b9cc9e01807250c2e8c8bce main_color avia-section-default avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-41  el_after_av_section  avia-builder-el-last  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-41'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4qjwg-622d8aebf768a7777b35522c00da7636\">\n.flex_column.av-4qjwg-622d8aebf768a7777b35522c00da7636{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:28px 0 0 38px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4qjwg-622d8aebf768a7777b35522c00da7636 av_one_third  avia-builder-el-42  el_before_av_one_third  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1yaid-adf0725335f8ad87a52ecb916081b4cf\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-1yaid-adf0725335f8ad87a52ecb916081b4cf{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-1yaid-adf0725335f8ad87a52ecb916081b4cf .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-1yaid-adf0725335f8ad87a52ecb916081b4cf .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-1yaid-adf0725335f8ad87a52ecb916081b4cf av-special-heading-h2 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-43  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Influences in practical use<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-4my20-652256a62071118ce7e55a7e57850585 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>When you consider the calibration values of a flowmeter, ideally they should not deviate from the measuring values in the application.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='avia-button-wrap av-jl3l62vm-a81f2e12ae5be5c1f17d227d0d2fb015-wrap avia-button-left  avia-builder-el-45  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '><a href='https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/influences\/'  class='avia-button av-jl3l62vm-a81f2e12ae5be5c1f17d227d0d2fb015 avia-icon_select-no avia-size-medium avia-position-left avia-color-theme-color'  ><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >Learn more<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4qjwg-f0f12ff6653b45a096b1a6a750567541\">\n.flex_column.av-4qjwg-f0f12ff6653b45a096b1a6a750567541{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:28px 0 0 38px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4qjwg-f0f12ff6653b45a096b1a6a750567541 av_one_third  avia-builder-el-46  el_after_av_one_third  el_before_av_one_third  flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1mcnd-46d5aa8f05a15db3d0e4a68ad6cf5d6d\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-1mcnd-46d5aa8f05a15db3d0e4a68ad6cf5d6d{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-1mcnd-46d5aa8f05a15db3d0e4a68ad6cf5d6d .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-1mcnd-46d5aa8f05a15db3d0e4a68ad6cf5d6d .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-1mcnd-46d5aa8f05a15db3d0e4a68ad6cf5d6d av-special-heading-h2 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-47  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >References and measurement standards<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-4my20-652256a62071118ce7e55a7e57850585 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Calibration usually takes place with the help of a &#8220;more accurate&#8221; measuring device. This device is referred to as the reference, the measurement standard or superior measurement standard.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='avia-button-wrap av-jl3l62vm-ffab5a69a44ac5bacbead5de0d2b83b3-wrap avia-button-left  avia-builder-el-49  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '><a href='https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/references\/'  class='avia-button av-jl3l62vm-ffab5a69a44ac5bacbead5de0d2b83b3 avia-icon_select-no avia-size-medium avia-position-left avia-color-theme-color'  ><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >Learn more<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4qjwg-f0f12ff6653b45a096b1a6a750567541\">\n.flex_column.av-4qjwg-f0f12ff6653b45a096b1a6a750567541{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:28px 0 0 38px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-4qjwg-f0f12ff6653b45a096b1a6a750567541 av_one_third  avia-builder-el-50  el_after_av_one_third  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-animated-generic bottom-to-top  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-tvvp-4e61f18d723b1ef74b6a1fce420fe2b4\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-tvvp-4e61f18d723b1ef74b6a1fce420fe2b4{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-tvvp-4e61f18d723b1ef74b6a1fce420fe2b4 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-tvvp-4e61f18d723b1ef74b6a1fce420fe2b4 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-tvvp-4e61f18d723b1ef74b6a1fce420fe2b4 av-special-heading-h2 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-51  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Calibrations at KROHNE<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-4my20-652256a62071118ce7e55a7e57850585 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>KROHNE has calibration options for all kind of measuring devices at different locations worldwide.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='avia-button-wrap av-jl3l62vm-f86a6613a3c710ca04f0f198baf40fb9-wrap avia-button-left  avia-builder-el-53  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '><a href='https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/calibrations-at-krohne\/'  class='avia-button av-jl3l62vm-f86a6613a3c710ca04f0f198baf40fb9 avia-icon_select-no avia-size-medium avia-position-left avia-color-theme-color'  ><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >Learn more<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":477,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-41","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/41","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/41\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":476,"href":"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/41\/revisions\/476"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/477"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cmp.krohne.com\/calibration\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}